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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Transaxillary First Rib Resection for Treatment of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Published on: September 13, 2020
Refractory thoracic endometriosis syndrome with bilateral hemothorax
Lannah L Lua1, Kevin Tran1, Jyoti Desai1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
Abstract:
Thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES) is a rare disorder presenting with catamenial pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemoptysis or pulmonary nodules. Bilateral involvement is uncommon, and only a very few cases have been reported in the literature. We report a case of bilateral catamenial hemothorax in a patient with recurrent thoracic endometriosis. Despite multiple surgical interventions, the patient continued to develop hemopneumothorax coinciding with menses. Remission was finally achieved with the addition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, highlighting the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant hormone therapy and supporting a combined surgical and medical approach in the treatment of TES in patients who desire future fertility.
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