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Published on: October 3, 2019
[Tick-borne infections in Denmark]
Bo Bødker Jensen1, Lukas Frans Ocias, Nanna Skaarup Andersen
1bo.bodker.jensen@rsyd.dk.
Abstract:
The castor bean tick, Ixodes ricinus, is common in woodlands in most of Denmark. Besides Borrelia burgdorferi, it can harbour a number of pathogenic microorganisms such as tick-borne encephalitis virus, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia helvetica, Francisella tularensis, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Bartonella spp., Borrelia miyamotoi and Babesia spp. These tick-borne infections should be a differential diagnostic consideration during the tick season in Denmark. We review the distribution, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of these microorganisms.
Insights
The castor bean tick (Ixodes ricinus) in Denmark carries various pathogens beyond Lyme disease bacteria. These tick-borne infections require consideration during Denmark's tick season.
Area of Science:
- Medical Entomology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The castor bean tick (Ixodes ricinus) is prevalent in Danish woodlands.
- This tick species is a known vector for numerous pathogenic microorganisms.
- Beyond Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme disease), other significant pathogens exist.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the distribution of tick-borne pathogens in Denmark.
- To describe the clinical manifestations of these infections.
- To outline diagnostic and treatment strategies for tick-borne diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on Ixodes ricinus and associated pathogens.
- Compilation of data on distribution and clinical presentations.
- Summary of current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines.
Main Results:
- Ixodes ricinus harbors Borrelia burgdorferi, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia helvetica, Francisella tularensis, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Bartonella spp., Borrelia miyamotoi, and Babesia spp.
- These pathogens pose a public health risk during Denmark's tick season.
- Understanding their epidemiology is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Conclusions:
- Tick-borne infections transmitted by Ixodes ricinus are a significant concern in Denmark.
- Differential diagnosis should include these infections, especially during peak tick activity.
- Comprehensive knowledge of these diseases aids in effective patient management.
