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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

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 The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses,...
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Continuing Care01:25

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Continuing care describes the variety of health, personal, and social services provided over a prolonged period. The need for continuing care is increasing because people are living longer. Many people do not have families or others to care for them. Continuing care is mainly for patients who are disabled, functionally dependent, or suffering from a terminal disease. It is available within institutional settings or in homes. Examples include nursing centers or facilities, assisted living,...
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Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Angina V: Nursing Management01:20

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Angina, a symptom of myocardial ischemia, requires a structured nursing management approach to ensure effective care and prevent complications like myocardial infarction. Comprehensive nursing care involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes, all tailored to the individual patient's needs.Patient AssessmentNursing assessment begins with a detailed subjective evaluation of symptoms, which typically include chest pain or pressure radiating to the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex
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[Pain Management in Palliative Care].

Martin B Steins, Corinna Eschbach, Matthias Villalobos

    Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
    |May 16, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Effective pain management in palliative thoracic oncology involves WHO guideline-based opioid and non-opioid therapy, considering psychological and social factors for optimal quality of life.

    Area of Science:

    • Palliative Care
    • Oncology
    • Pain Management

    Background:

    • Symptom control in palliative thoracic oncology prioritizes pain and dyspnea management.
    • Psychological and social factors significantly influence patient pain experience.
    • WHO guidelines provide a framework for cancer pain management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline optimal strategies for pain and dyspnea management in palliative thoracic oncology.
    • To emphasize the integration of pharmacological, psychological, and social approaches.
    • To ensure the best possible pain reduction and quality of life for patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) analgesic ladder for cancer pain.
    • Utilizing oral opioid and non-opioid medications on a fixed schedule.

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  • Individualized dosage adjustments and rapid-acting analgesics for breakthrough pain.
  • Prophylactic management of adverse effects like constipation and nausea with adjuvants.
  • Consideration of co-analgesic drugs (anticonvulsants, corticosteroids) for neuropathic pain.

    • Main Results:

    • Opioid-based therapy combined with non-opioids forms the therapeutic basis.
    • Oral administration, simplicity, fixed schedules, and individualized dosing are preferred.
    • Rapid-acting analgesics are crucial for breakthrough pain.
    • Prophylactic use of adjuvants manages common opioid side effects.
    • Co-analgesics enhance pain relief, especially for neuropathic pain.

    Conclusions:

    • Comprehensive pain management integrates medication, psychological support, and social considerations.
    • Adherence to WHO guidelines ensures effective and safe analgesic therapy.
    • The primary goal is maximizing pain reduction to preserve patient quality of life.