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Age differences in self-set goal effects for memory.

Robin Lea West1, Carla M Strickland-Hughes1, Kimberly A Smith1

  • 1a Department of Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA.

Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition
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Self-set memory goals with anchors improved younger adults' memory performance. Older adults, despite commitment, did not show similar gains, possibly due to lack of feedback or strategy activation.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience of Aging

Background:

  • Goal setting enhances memory and self-efficacy in adults when externally set with feedback.
  • Self-set memory goals have yielded inconsistent results, particularly in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of self-set memory goals, guided by anchors, on memory performance in younger and older adults.
  • To compare the motivational response to self-set goals between age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Two trials of name, text, and list recall tasks were administered to younger and older adults.
  • Participants were assigned to either a goal or no-goal group, with the goal group setting personal memory improvement targets using anchors.

Main Results:

  • Younger adults in the goal group demonstrated significantly greater memory gains compared to their no-goal counterparts.
  • Older adults set comparable goals and reported similar commitment but did not exhibit reliable goal-related memory improvements.

Conclusions:

  • Anchored self-set goals can motivate memory improvement in younger adults.
  • Older adults may require external feedback or strategy support to translate goal commitment into measurable memory gains.