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Liver Histology

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The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
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Mass Cytometry Analysis of Systemic and Local Immune Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Morphologic Subtypes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Michael S Torbenson¹

¹Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA.

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America

|May 17, 2017

Summary

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has 18 distinct subtypes based on morphology and molecular data, offering clinical and biological insights. Understanding these HCC subtypes is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:

Carcinosarcoma Cirrhotomimetic hepatocellular carcinoma Clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma Diffuse hepatocellular carcinoma Fibrolamellar carcinoma Hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma Scirrhous hepatocellular carcinoma

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Area of Science:

Hepatobiliary pathology
Cancer biology
Molecular diagnostics

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous disease.
Subtyping HCC is essential for understanding its diverse clinical behaviors and biological underpinnings.
Current classification systems require refinement to capture the full spectrum of HCC.

Purpose of the Study:

To delineate the distinct subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma.
To provide clear definitions and highlight key morphologic findings for each subtype.
To emphasize the clinical and biological significance of HCC subtyping.

Main Methods:

Morphologic analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues.
Molecular profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma samples.
Review and synthesis of existing literature on HCC classification.

Main Results:

Identification of 12 well-defined hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes.
Description of 6 provisional hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes.
These subtypes constitute 35% of all HCC cases, distinct from growth patterns.

Conclusions:

Hepatocellular carcinoma exhibits significant heterogeneity with numerous identifiable subtypes.
Morphologic and molecular features are key to defining these HCC subtypes.
Accurate subtyping of HCC improves clinical information and biological insights.