Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

61.0K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
61.0K
Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing01:36

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

7.2K
7.2K
pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

57.8K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
57.8K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

8.3K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
8.3K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

25.4K
Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
25.4K
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

5.3K
5.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The Versatile Applications of Antisense Oligonucleotides in Modern Medicine.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026
Same author

Impact of pharmaceutical intervention on the use of intravenous antibiotics in patients with bacterial upper respiratory tract infections: protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same author

Microbial metabolism of food allergens determines the severity of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.

Cell host & microbe·2026
Same author

Estrogen regulates cognitive function in APP/PS1 female mice via modulation of IDO1-mediated Trp/Kyn metabolism through ERβ.

Hormones and behavior·2026
Same author

Number of food allergies and diet quality.

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global·2026
Same author

Airway transcriptome networks for ozone and PM<sub>2.5</sub> exposure reveal distinct key drivers for children with asthma.

Genome medicine·2025
Same journal

An accessible, absorbance-based plate reader assay to assess cumulative exposure of blood plasma & serum to thawed conditions.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

EC-isHCR: A rapid method for in situ hybridization chain reaction in diverse animal samples.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Single-Molecule methods to investigate mechanisms of transcription by RNA polymerase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Detection and sequencing of Usutu virus during mosquito surveillance: Use of multiple assays and techniques for identification at low levels.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Experimental validation of an AI-driven digital healthcare platform for oral health behavior and plaque assessment among vietnamese children.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2026
Same journal

Zeta potential: An efficient and cost-effective alternative for investigating cell-surface interactions.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

3.3K

Understanding pre-mRNA splicing through crystallography.

Sara Espinosa1, Lingdi Zhang1, Xueni Li1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E, 17th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|May 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Crystallography determines atomic structures of proteins and RNAs, advancing our understanding of pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing. New methods like serial femtosecond and 3D electron crystallography overcome limitations, expanding research possibilities.

More Related Videos

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
10:25

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

5.6K
Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
08:12

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker

Published on: January 3, 2019

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
08:53

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

3.3K
Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
10:25

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

5.6K
Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker
08:12

Single-step Purification of Macromolecular Complexes Using RNA Attached to Biotin and a Photo-cleavable Linker

Published on: January 3, 2019

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Crystallography is crucial for determining atomic structures of proteins and RNAs.
  • X-ray crystallography has significantly advanced the understanding of pre-mRNA splicing mechanisms and regulation.
  • It offers high-resolution structural data and addresses unique biological questions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of crystallography in understanding pre-mRNA splicing.
  • To discuss novel crystallographic techniques, including serial femtosecond and 3D electron crystallography.
  • To highlight the potential of these methods in advancing gene expression research.

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography for protein and RNA structure determination.
  • Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) to overcome limitations of traditional methods.
  • 3D electron crystallography (3D-EC) for challenging biological samples.

Main Results:

  • Crystallography provides high-resolution insights into splicing-related proteins and RNAs.
  • SFX and 3D-EC enable the study of previously intractable biological problems.
  • These methods enhance our comprehension of the molecular intricacies of pre-mRNA splicing.

Conclusions:

  • Crystallography, especially advanced techniques, is vital for elucidating pre-mRNA splicing.
  • Further application of these methods promises deeper insights into eukaryotic gene expression.
  • The review covers theoretical basis, instrumentation, troubleshooting, and future potential.