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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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A twofold quantum delayed-choice experiment in a superconducting circuit.

Ke Liu1, Yuan Xu1, Weiting Wang1

  • 1Center for Quantum Information, Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Science Advances
|May 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel twofold delayed-choice experiment using a superconducting circuit. It demonstrates that quantum systems exhibit wave or particle behavior based on measurement choices made after detection, extending Wheeler

Keywords:
Wheeler’s delayed-choice experimentcircuit quantum electrodynamicsquantum coherencequantum delayed-choice experimentquantum entanglementquantum erasersuperconducting qubittwo-fold quantum delayed-choice experimentwave-particle dualitywhich path detector

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Wave-particle complementarity is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics.
  • The delayed-choice experiment illustrates this by making measurement choices after a quantum system enters an interferometer.
  • Recent experiments observed wave and particle behaviors simultaneously using a superposition of interferometer states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and implement a conceptually different quantum delayed-choice experiment.
  • To demonstrate a twofold delayed-choice experiment using a classical interferometer and a which-path detector (WPD).
  • To show that quantum system behavior depends on post-detection measurement choices and the marking/erasure of path information.

Main Methods:

  • A novel quantum delayed-choice experiment was designed.
  • A which-path detector (WPD) was introduced, capable of simultaneously recording and neglecting path information.
  • The experiment was realized using a superconducting circuit with a cavity acting as the WPD for a qubit.

Main Results:

  • The first twofold delayed-choice experiment was successfully implemented.
  • Demonstrated that system behavior depends on the measuring device's configuration, chosen after detection.
  • Showed that behavior also depends on the a posteriori erasure or marking of which-path information.

Conclusions:

  • The results extend the concept of quantum delayed-choice experiments.
  • This experiment is the first to demonstrate both counterintuitive features (post-selection choice and path information manipulation) within the same setup.
  • The findings offer new insights into wave-particle complementarity and quantum measurement.