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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Diagnosing Allergic Contact Dermatitis Through Elimination, Perception, Detection and Deduction.

Korbkarn Pongpairoj1, Pailin Puangpet2, Supitchaya Thaiwat3

  • 1Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. korbkarnp@hotmail.com.

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
|May 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis requires a systematic approach. This involves four stages: eliminating non-allergic causes, pre-patch test diagnosis, optimizing patch testing, and linking dermatitis to allergen exposure.

Keywords:
Allergic Contact DermatitisContact DermatitisDermatitisLinaloolPatch Testing

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Allergic contact dermatitis diagnosis relies on skilled detection.
  • A systematic approach is crucial for accurate identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a structured, four-stage method for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis.
  • To emphasize the importance of literature review and contact allergy profiling.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic diagnosis involving elimination, perception, detection, and deduction.
  • Comparison of pre-patch test and post-patch test patient evaluation.
  • Review of recent contact dermatitis literature and contact allergy profiling.

Main Results:

  • The proposed four-stage method provides a structured diagnostic pathway.
  • Differentiating pre- and post-patch test assessments is key.
  • Contact allergy profiling serves as a valuable diagnostic aid.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic, multi-stage approach enhances allergic contact dermatitis diagnosis.
  • Thorough patient evaluation before and after patch testing is essential.
  • Utilizing literature and contact allergy profiling improves diagnostic accuracy.