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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Author Spotlight: Hypothalamic Neural Mechanism Insights
Published on: August 4, 2023
Implicating the potential role of orexin in hypertension
Monika Rani1, Raghuvansh Kumar2, Pawan Krishan3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147001, Punjab, India.
Abstract:
Orexins (orexin A and orexin B), neuropeptides of hypothalamic origin also known as hypocretins, have been well documented for regulating the different physiological functions including feeding, sleep wakefulness, stress, and reward. However, from the past few years, orexins have evolved as an emerging biomarker for various endocrine disorders including diabetes mellitus and obesity which ultimately leads to various cardiovascular risk factors. Orexins exist in two isoforms orexin A and orexin B and exert their effect by acting on the G protein-coupled receptors orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and orexin 2 receptor (OX2R). Furthermore, localization of orexinergic neurons in the different brain regions has been involved in regulating the cardiovascular and sympathetic activity. Growing evidences have addressed the potential role of orexins including orexin A and orexin B in modulating the hypertension via exerting their effect on the mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). The present review summarizes the central role orexins in the hypertension along with the possible mechanism.
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