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Lower dementia risk with different classes of antihypertensive medication in older patients

Tessa van Middelaar1, Lonneke A van Vught, Eric P Moll van Charante

  • 1aDepartment of Neurology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam bDepartment of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen cDepartment of General Practice, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute dDepartment of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Journal of Hypertension
|May 17, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Antihypertensive medications (AHMs) like calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may reduce dementia risk in older adults. This study found CCBs and ARBs were independently associated with a decreased risk of dementia.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Antihypertensive medication (AHM) use is linked to reduced dementia risk.
  • Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are hypothesized to offer greater protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between different classes of AHM and dementia risk in older individuals.
  • To compare dementia incidence among users of various AHM classes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a subgroup of community-dwelling older adults from the 'Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care' trial.
  • Comparison of incident dementia rates based on AHM classes (monotherapy and combination therapy) versus other AHMs.

Main Results:

  • 1951 participants used AHM; 136 developed dementia over 6.7 years.
  • Use of CCBs (HR 0.56) and ARBs (HR 0.60) was independently associated with decreased dementia risk.
  • CCB association was strongest in those without cardiovascular disease history and with uncontrolled hypertension.

Conclusions:

  • CCBs and ARBs are independently associated with a reduced risk of dementia in older adults.
  • These findings support the potential neuroprotective role of specific antihypertensive drug classes.
Abstract

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