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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Extracellular Glucose Depletion as an Indirect Measure of Glucose Uptake in Cells and Tissues Ex Vivo
Published on: April 6, 2022
Glucose transporters: physiological and pathological roles
Archana M Navale1, Archana N Paranjape2
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Parul University, P.O. Limda, Waghodia Taluka, Vadodara District, 391760, Gujarat, India. archanachavan_83@yahoo.co.in.
Glucose transporters, including sodium-glucose linked transporters (SGLTs) and facilitated diffusion glucose transporters (GLUTs), are essential proteins found on all cells. This review simplifies their complex physiology and therapeutic potential.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Glucose is a vital energy source for all cells.
- Glucose transporters are crucial proteins expressed on cell surfaces.
- Understanding these transporters is key to cellular function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a simplified overview of glucose transporter types and physiology.
- To highlight the diversity within glucose transporter subclasses (SGLTs and GLUTs).
- To discuss glucose transporters as therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent genetic and physiological studies.
- Analysis of transporter substrate specificity, distribution, and regulation.
- Synthesis of information for researchers.
Main Results:
- Identification of two main types: SGLTs and GLUTs, with multiple subclasses.
- Demonstration of varied substrate specificity, distribution, and regulation among transporters.
- Recognition of glucose transporters as significant therapeutic targets.
Conclusions:
- Glucose transporters are diverse and critical for cellular function.
- Further research into their complex mechanisms and therapeutic applications is warranted.
- This review offers a foundational understanding for biochemical and pharmacological researchers.
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