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Related Concept Videos

Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

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RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
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Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

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Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
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RNA Structure01:19

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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RNA Structure01:23

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

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Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
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Functional RNA structures throughout the Hepatitis C Virus genome.

Rebecca L Adams1, Nathan Pirakitikulr1, Anna Marie Pyle2

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.

Current Opinion in Virology
|May 17, 2017
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Summary

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA forms complex structures essential for its lifecycle. Advanced methods reveal novel RNA interactions, paving the way for new RNA-targeted therapies against HCV.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • The Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) genome is a single-stranded RNA molecule.
  • RNA structures play critical roles in the viral lifecycle of HCV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze genome-wide RNA folding in HCV.
  • To identify novel RNA structures and interactions within the HCV genome.
  • To explore the potential of RNA-targeted therapeutics for HCV.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing recent advances in chemical probing.
  • Employing high-throughput sequencing techniques.
  • Applying structural biology approaches for genome-wide analysis.

Main Results:

  • Revealed a set of elaborate RNA structures within the HCV genome.
  • Identified novel RNA structures and extensive networks of interactions.
  • Demonstrated the active role of RNA in all stages of the HCV lifecycle.

Conclusions:

  • HCV RNA folding is complex and crucial for viral function.
  • Novel RNA structures and interactions offer new therapeutic targets.
  • RNA-targeted strategies represent a promising avenue for future HCV treatment.