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Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Inoculation Strategies to Infect Plant Roots with Soil-Borne Microorganisms

Inoculation Strategies to Infect Plant Roots with Soil-Borne Microorganisms

Published on: March 1, 2022

Unusual Root Canal Irrigation Solutions.

Zahed Mohammadi¹, Hamid Jafarzadeh², Sousan Shalavi³

¹Endodontic Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Iran's National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

|May 18, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores newer root canal irrigation solutions beyond common agents like sodium hypochlorite. It focuses on agents such as citric acid and ozonated water for effective root canal disinfection.

Keywords:

Citric acid Electrochemically activated solutions Green tea Maleic acid Ozonated water Root canal irrigants SmearClear.

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Area of Science:

Endodontics
Microbiology
Dental Materials Science

Background:

Microbial contamination is central to pulp and periradicular diseases.
Root canal treatment aims to disinfect the entire root canal system.
Mechanical, chemical, and intracanal medicament methods achieve disinfection.

Purpose of the Study:

To review less common and novel root canal irrigation solutions.
To provide an overview of emerging irrigants for endodontic disinfection.
To highlight alternatives to extensively reviewed common irrigants.

Main Methods:

Literature review of scientific databases.
Identification and analysis of studies on newer root canal irrigants.
Synthesis of information on efficacy and application of novel solutions.

Main Results:

Common irrigants like sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine are well-established.
Emerging irrigants include citric acid, maleic acid, electrochemically activated water, green tea, ozonated water, and SmearClear.
These newer agents offer potential benefits for root canal disinfection.

Conclusions:

Novel irrigation solutions present promising alternatives for root canal disinfection.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the potential of these newer irrigants.
The selection of irrigants should be based on efficacy, safety, and clinical applicability.