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Risk Factors for Road Traffic Injuries among Different Road Users in the Gambia.

Edrisa Sanyang1,2, Corinne Peek-Asa2, Paul Bass1

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Road traffic injuries disproportionately affect pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists in Gambia, especially young people. Prevention strategies must prioritize protecting these vulnerable road users.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Traumatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Road traffic injuries (RTIs) represent a significant public health concern globally and in urban settings.
  • Understanding the specific risk factors and vulnerable populations is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for road traffic injuries among various road users in urban Gambia.
  • To analyze injury patterns based on demographics, collision types, and environmental factors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 254 patients treated at two major trauma hospitals in urban Gambia.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, injury mechanisms, collision details, and contributing factors.

Main Results:

  • Pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists accounted for 67% of RTIs, with pedestrians being the largest group (47%).
  • Students, particularly those under 14, were disproportionately affected, with over half injured as pedestrians.
  • Head/skull and concussion/brain injuries were more prevalent in pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists compared to vehicle occupants.
  • Young individuals (<25 years) were at significantly higher risk of pedestrian-involved crashes (aOR 6.36).

Conclusions:

  • Pedestrians constitute the majority of RTI hospitalizations in Gambia, with young pedestrians facing exceptionally high risks.
  • Prevention efforts should extend beyond vehicle and driver factors to encompass enhanced protection for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorcyclists.
  • Targeted interventions for vulnerable road user groups are essential to reduce the burden of RTIs in urban Gambia.