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Related Concept Videos

Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Related Experiment Video

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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Growth restriction: identifying fetuses at risk.

Heidi K Leftwich1,2, Bethany Stetson1,3, Bethany Sabol4

  • 1a Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Fetuses with estimated fetal weights between the 10th-20th percentile face higher risks of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and adverse perinatal outcomes. Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler (UAD) further elevates these risks.

Keywords:
At risk fetusDopplerestimated fetal weightintrauterine growth restrictionultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Fetal Growth Assessment
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses are associated with increased perinatal morbidity.
  • Accurate identification of at-risk fetuses is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the risks of IUGR and composite perinatal outcomes in fetuses with estimated fetal weights (EFW) between the 10th and 20th percentiles.
  • To compare these outcomes based on umbilical artery Doppler (UAD) findings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of ultrasound (US) data from 2002-2012.
  • Cases with EFW between the 10th-20th percentiles were matched with controls (EFW >20th percentile) by gestational age and US date.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to assess outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Fetuses with EFW 10th-20th percentile showed significantly increased risks of IUGR (OR 26.5), SGA (OR 9.2), NICU admissions (OR 2.4), and composite perinatal morbidity (OR 7.8) after adjustment.
  • Abnormal UAD in this group was associated with higher rates of low 5-min Apgar scores, NICU admission, and composite morbidity.

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancies with EFW 10th-20th percentile are at elevated risk for IUGR, SGA, NICU admission, and composite perinatal outcomes.
  • Abnormal umbilical artery Doppler findings in these fetuses indicate a further increased risk of adverse outcomes.