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Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
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Establishment of a Primary Culture of Patient-derived Soft Tissue Sarcoma
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Evolving Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Suzanne George1

  • 1Presented by Suzanne George, MD, Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

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New chemotherapy options offer improved efficacy for unresectable or metastatic soft tissue sarcomas. Olaratumab combined with doxorubicin is now preferred over doxorubicin alone, according to updated guidelines.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medical Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Soft tissue sarcomas are a diverse group of cancers requiring tailored treatment strategies.
  • Recent advancements have led to the approval of four new drugs for sarcoma treatment over the last five years.
  • Histology and predicted treatment response are key factors in selecting appropriate therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current treatment landscape for soft tissue sarcomas.
  • To highlight advancements in chemotherapy for unresectable or metastatic disease.
  • To emphasize the updated NCCN guidelines regarding olaratumab and doxorubicin combination therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent clinical trials and drug approvals in sarcoma treatment.
  • Analysis of chemotherapy efficacy for unresectable and metastatic soft tissue sarcomas.
  • Incorporation of updated National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Surgical resection is the standard for resectable soft tissue sarcomas.
  • Doxorubicin is the established chemotherapy backbone for unresectable or metastatic disease.
  • Olaratumab in combination with doxorubicin demonstrates improved efficacy compared to doxorubicin monotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Treatment for soft tissue sarcomas must be individualized based on histologic subtype and disease status.
  • The combination of olaratumab and doxorubicin represents a preferred chemotherapy option for advanced soft tissue sarcomas.
  • Updated clinical guidelines reflect the enhanced efficacy of novel therapeutic combinations in sarcoma management.