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Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
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Long-term Potentiation01:35

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Stimulus-specific Cortical Visual Evoked Potential Morphological Patterns
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Learning temporal context shapes prestimulus alpha oscillations and improves visual discrimination performance.

Tahereh Toosi1, Ehsan K Tousi2, Hossein Esteky2,3

  • 1School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran; and ttoosi@ipm.ir.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain learns predictable timing to improve visual processing. Learning temporal patterns enhances prestimulus alpha oscillations, reflecting neural prediction and boosting performance.

Keywords:
EEGalpha powerparietal cortexpredictiontiming

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • The brain's processing of time and its impact on event perception remain unclear.
  • Understanding subsecond temporal processing is crucial for explaining sensory event perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how temporal context predictability influences visual processing.
  • To identify the neural correlates of temporal prediction using electroencephalography (EEG).

Main Methods:

  • Subjects performed a visual discrimination task under predictable and unpredictable temporal contexts.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) recorded brain activity, focusing on prestimulus alpha oscillations.
  • Subsecond stimulus delays (83, 150, 400, 800 ms) were used in both contexts.

Main Results:

  • Predictability modulated prestimulus alpha power in parieto-occipital sites, increasing in predictable blocks.
  • This modulation was significant at the 800 ms delay and correlated with improved behavioral performance.
  • Learning the temporal context led to a gradual increase in alpha power modulation, enhancing performance.

Conclusions:

  • The brain can learn and utilize subsecond temporal context to improve sensory processing.
  • Prestimulus alpha oscillations serve as a neural marker for temporal prediction.
  • Implicit extraction of temporal patterns enhances visual event processing.