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Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
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A relaxation oscillator is one of the applications of RC circuits. A neon lamp relaxation oscillator comprises a capacitor, a resistor, a voltage source, and a lamp. The lamp acts like an open circuit, with infinite resistance until the potential difference across the lamp reaches a specific voltage. At that voltage, the lamp acts like a short circuit with zero resistance, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp, thus producing light. Once the capacitor is fully discharged through the...
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The heart beats rhythmically in a sequence called the cardiac cycle—a rapid coordination of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole).
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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
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Updated: Mar 2, 2026

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Pacemaker recycling: A notion whose time has come.

Mason W Runge1, Timir S Baman1, Sheldon Davis1

  • 1Mason W Runge, Kim A Eagle, Thomas C Crawford, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.

World Journal of Cardiology
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Pacemaker reutilization in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is feasible and safe, addressing a critical need. Project My Heart Your Heart demonstrates a viable model for donating these devices to underserved populations.

Keywords:
BradyarrythmiaCardiovascular diseaseDisparityPacing and clinical electrophysiologyProject My Heart Your Heart

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Devices
  • Global Health
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Pacemaker implantation is crucial for managing cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Access to new pacemakers is limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
  • Pacemaker reutilization presents a potential solution to bridge this accessibility gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the need, feasibility, safety, legality, and ethics of pacemaker reutilization in LMICs.
  • To detail Project My Heart Your Heart (PMHYH) as a model for pacemaker reuse.
  • To synthesize findings from 14 publications by the University of Michigan research team and partners.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of 14 existing publications on pacemaker reutilization.
  • In-depth description of the Project My Heart Your Heart (PMHYH) initiative.
  • Analysis of safety, feasibility, ethical, and legal aspects based on prior research.

Main Results:

  • Pacemaker reutilization is demonstrably needed and feasible in LMICs.
  • Studies indicate pacemaker reuse is not associated with increased infection risk or mortality.
  • Ethical and legal frameworks support pacemaker reutilization under specific conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Pacemaker reutilization is a viable and safe option for underserved populations in LMICs.
  • Project My Heart Your Heart serves as a successful proof-of-concept for device donation.
  • Large-scale studies are warranted to confirm the clinical efficacy and safety of pacemaker reuse.