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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

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Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
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Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications01:25

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
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Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

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Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Colon Ascendens Stent Peritonitis CASP - a Standardized Model for Polymicrobial Abdominal Sepsis
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ASC-particle-induced Peritonitis.

Lucia de Almeida1, Andrea Dorfleutner1, Christian Stehlik1

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA.

Bio-Protocol
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Polymeric ASC particles released during pyroptosis act as danger signals, propagating inflammasome responses to nearby cells. This study details a method to measure these effects using neutrophil infiltration and IL-1β levels.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Inflammasomes, including NLRP3 and AIM2, activate in response to infection or damage.
  • Activated inflammasomes lead to ASC nucleation, polymerization, caspase-1 activation, and cytokine release (IL-1β, IL-18).
  • Pyroptosis releases polymeric ASC (pASC) particles, which can propagate inflammasome signaling to adjacent cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a protocol for using polymeric ASC particles as a danger signal.
  • To quantify neutrophil infiltration as a measure of inflammatory response.
  • To measure levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.

Main Methods:

  • Intraperitoneal injection of polymeric ASC particles into model organisms.
  • Collection of peritoneal lavage fluid.

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  • Measurement of neutrophil infiltration.
  • Quantification of IL-1β levels using ELISA.

    • Main Results:

    • Polymeric ASC particles effectively act as danger signals.
    • Neutrophil infiltration and IL-1β levels indicate an inflammatory response.
    • The described protocol allows for the measurement of inflammasome propagation.

    Conclusions:

    • Polymeric ASC particles play a crucial role in amplifying inflammasome-mediated immune responses.
    • This protocol provides a method to study the propagation of danger signals.
    • Understanding ASC particle function is key to modulating inflammatory conditions.