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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Polysome Profiling without Gradient Makers or Fractionation Systems

Polysome Profiling without Gradient Makers or Fractionation Systems

Published on: June 1, 2021

Polysome Fractionation to Analyze mRNA Distribution Profiles.

Amaresh C Panda¹, Jennifer L Martindale¹, Myriam Gorospe¹

¹Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, USA.

|May 19, 2017

Summary

Cells regulate gene expression via translation, influenced by RNA-binding proteins and noncoding RNAs. Polyribosome fractionation analysis directly measures mRNA translation efficiency, revealing active and inactive transcripts.

Keywords:

Fractionation Polysomes Protein synthesis RT-qPCR Ribosome Sucrose gradient mRNA translation

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Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Polysome Profiling without Gradient Makers or Fractionation Systems

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Assessment of Selective mRNA Translation in Mammalian Cells by Polysome Profiling

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Published on: October 28, 2014

Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale

Polysome Fractionation and Analysis of Mammalian Translatomes on a Genome-wide Scale

Published on: May 17, 2014

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
RNA Biology

Background:

Eukaryotic gene expression is controlled transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally.
Regulation of translation is crucial for rapid cellular responses.
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) modulate mRNA translational efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of factors regulating selective mRNA translation.
To highlight polyribosome fractionation analysis as a key method in RNA biology.

Main Methods:

Polyribosome (polysome) fractionation analysis was employed.
This method assesses ribosome association with specific mRNAs.
It determines the translational status and efficiency of mRNAs.

Main Results:

Polyribosome fractionation distinguishes actively translated mRNAs (large polysomes) from poorly translated ones (few/no ribosomes).
The technique provides direct measurement of translation efficiencies.
Analysis can be performed at the whole transcriptome or individual mRNA levels.

Conclusions:

Polyribosome fractionation is a powerful tool for assessing mRNA translation.
It offers direct insights into the regulation of protein synthesis.
Understanding translation efficiency is vital for cellular processes.