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[Ocular sarcoidosis].

C Springer-Wanner1, T Brauns2

  • 1Augenklinik, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Bremserstr. 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland. springec@klilu.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ocular sarcoidosis, a common cause of noninfectious uveitis, affects up to 60% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent vision loss from this bilateral granulomatous eye inflammation.

Keywords:
Anterior uveitisCorticosteroidsGranulomatous uveitisIntermediate uveitisPosterior uveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Ocular sarcoidosis is a frequent manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis, occurring in up to 60% of patients.
  • It is a leading cause of noninfectious uveitis and can present solely in the eye.
  • Ocular involvement in pulmonary sarcoidosis can be as high as 80%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of ocular sarcoidosis as a cause of uveitis.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent vision loss.
  • To outline diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches for ocular sarcoidosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical signs of ocular sarcoidosis, including bilateral granulomatous uveitis affecting all eye parts.
  • Discussion of laboratory investigations such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), lysozyme, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL2R).
  • Consideration of imaging studies like chest X-ray and CT scans; biopsy is generally avoided due to vision loss risk.

Main Results:

  • Ocular sarcoidosis typically presents as bilateral granulomatous uveitis, which can be anterior, intermediate, or posterior.
  • Diagnostic workup involves clinical eye findings and specific laboratory tests.
  • Biopsy is often contraindicated in isolated ocular cases.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of ocular sarcoidosis are essential to prevent severe visual acuity reduction and blindness.
  • Ocular sarcoidosis often responds well to corticosteroid therapy.
  • Immunosuppressants and biologics are effective alternatives when steroids are insufficient.