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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
862
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

3.1K
Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
3.1K
Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet VUV Synchrotron Radiation
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Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry With Tunable Vacuum Ultraviolet VUV Synchrotron Radiation

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SU-D-BRCD-06: Measurement of Elekta Electron Energy Spectra Using a Small Magnetic Spectrometer.

K Hogstrom1,2,3, D McLaughlin1,2,3, J Gibbons1,2,3

  • 1Mary Bird Perkins Cancer Center, Baton Rouge, LA.

Medical Physics
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A small magnetic spectrometer effectively measured electron beam energy spectra for clinical radiotherapy. This method offers a viable approach for quality assurance and beam matching in radiation oncology.

Keywords:
CalibrationComputed radiographyElectron beamsElectron spectrometersEnergy useLorentz groupMagnetic fieldsParticle beam detectorsRadiography

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Measurement of Total Calcium in Neurons by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis
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Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of electron beam energy spectra is crucial for effective radiotherapy.
  • Ensuring consistency between treatment machines requires precise beam characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate a compact magnetic spectrometer for measuring electron beam energy spectra.
  • To assess the spectrometer's performance on an Elekta Infinity linear accelerator.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a portable magnetic spectrometer to deflect electron beams and measure intensity profiles on computed radiography strips.
  • Transformed intensity data into energy spectra using Lorentz force principles and calibration curves.
  • Validated results against EGSnrc Monte Carlo simulations.

Main Results:

  • The magnetic spectrometer accurately determined energy spectra, typically showing a single asymmetric peak.
  • Peak position and Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) correlated with beam energy.
  • Results showed good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations, with one atypical spectrum noted.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methodology and magnetic spectrometer are suitable for measuring clinical electron beam energy spectra at the isocenter.
  • Future work includes refining spectral data, comparing matched beams across sites, and exploring alternative detectors.