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Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

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Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...
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Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray01:20

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The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
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An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
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WE-G-211-01: Cross-Sectional Imaging - Computed Tomography.

L Rothenberg1

  • 1Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.

Medical Physics
|May 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cross-sectional imaging, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonic imaging (US), revolutionized medical diagnostics. Advances in CT technology significantly improved image quality and reduced scan times for better patient care.

Keywords:
BrainComputed radiographyComputed tomographyMagnetic resonance imagingMedical diagnosisMedical imagingPrizesRadiographyTomographyUltrasonography

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Diagnostic Technology

Background:

  • Cross-sectional imaging techniques emerged in the 1970s and 1980s, significantly enhancing medical diagnosis and treatment.
  • Early attempts at trans-axial radiography yielded limited diagnostic utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To chronicle the development of three key cross-sectional imaging methods: computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonic imaging (US).
  • To detail the evolution of computed tomography (CT) technology and its impact on medical imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of the development of CT, MRI, and US imaging.
  • Examination of technological advancements in CT scanners, including detector arrays, reconstruction algorithms, and slip ring technology.

Main Results:

  • The introduction of the EMI Mk I computerized axial tomography (CAT) unit marked a revolution in brain imaging.
  • Evolutionary upgrades in CT scanners led to shorter scan times, reduced artifacts, and improved spatial resolution and low-contrast performance.
  • Significant improvements in diagnostic capabilities were achieved through advancements in cross-sectional imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Cross-sectional imaging techniques, particularly CT, have profoundly impacted medical diagnosis and treatment.
  • Continuous technological innovation in CT has led to enhanced imaging performance and clinical utility.