Related Experiment Videos
[Serologic and clinical study of post-transfusion viral contamination after cardiac surgery. Excluding human
J Petitjean1, M C Khayat, F Laforet
1Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Caen.
Abstract:
The incidence of post-transfusion viral contamination after cardiac surgery is variable but not negligible. The serological and clinical features of such contamination were determined in a series of 100 consecutive patients seen between June, 1983 and January, 1984. The ELISA technique was used for hepatitis A and B viruses and cytomegalovirus on three samples of blood taken before (S1), and 15 days (S2) and 2 to 3 months (S3) after surgery. In case of hepatitis further investigations were performed for heterophilic infectious mononucleosis antibodies and for hepatitis B virus DNA. The transient appearance at S2 of anti-cytomegalovirus antibodies brought by transfusion was observed in 40% of the cases; seroconversion occurred in 4% (cytomegalovirus 3, hepatitis B virus 1), and 5% of the patients developed clinical and biochemical hepatitis without serological markers.
Insights
Post-transfusion viral contamination is a risk after cardiac surgery. This study found cytomegalovirus antibodies in 40% of patients, with 4% seroconversion and 5% developing hepatitis.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Hepatology
- Transfusion Medicine
Background:
- Post-transfusion viral contamination poses a variable risk following cardiac surgery.
- Understanding the serological and clinical outcomes of viral transmission is crucial for patient safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and features of viral contamination in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
- To investigate serological responses to hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and cytomegalovirus post-transfusion.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and cytomegalovirus.
- Blood samples were collected pre-transfusion (S1), 15 days post-transfusion (S2), and 2-3 months post-transfusion (S3).
- Further investigations included heterophilic antibodies and hepatitis B virus DNA testing in cases of hepatitis.
Main Results:
- Transient anti-cytomegalovirus antibodies from transfusion were detected in 40% of patients at S2.
- Seroconversion for cytomegalovirus occurred in 3% and for hepatitis B virus in 1% of patients.
- Clinical and biochemical hepatitis developed in 5% of patients, without detectable serological markers.
Conclusions:
- Transfusion-associated cytomegalovirus is common, though seroconversion is infrequent.
- A significant percentage of patients may develop hepatitis post-transfusion without clear viral markers.
- Enhanced vigilance and screening protocols are warranted to mitigate transfusion-related viral risks in cardiac surgery patients.