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Alcohol, aging, and innate immunity.

Lisbeth A Boule1,2,3, Elizabeth J Kovacs1,2,3,4

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of GI, Trauma, and Endocrine Surgery (GITES), University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; elizabeth.kovacs@ucdenver.edu.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

As the global population ages, more older adults consume alcohol, impairing their innate immune system. This review examines how alcohol affects aging immunity, crucial for fighting infections in the elderly.

Keywords:
drinkingelderlyhost defenseinfectioninflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gerontology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • The global population is aging, with the over-65 demographic projected to double by 2050.
  • Advanced age is associated with increased chronic disease prevalence and poorer outcomes from acute infections.
  • Alcohol consumption is common in older adults, with a significant portion exceeding recommended limits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of aging and alcohol consumption on innate immunity.
  • To highlight the limited understanding of alcohol's impact on innate immunity in older individuals.
  • To underscore the importance of studying these combined effects due to impaired immune responses in the elderly.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on aging and alcohol consumption's effects on the immune system.
  • Independent analysis of how aging impacts innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Independent analysis of how alcohol consumption affects immune cells (number, phenotype, function).

Main Results:

  • Aging significantly alters both innate and adaptive immune systems, impairing responses to infection and memory development.
  • Alcohol consumption, at any level, modifies host immune responses.
  • Few studies have investigated the combined effects of alcohol and aging on innate immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Innate immune cells are critical for host defense, inflammation resolution, and immune homeostasis.
  • Understanding alcohol's impact on the aging innate immune system is crucial for public health.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate how alcohol affects innate immunity in older adults.