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Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Patients with the Main Etiological Types of Mild Neurocognitive Disorders: A

Oleg A Levada1, Nataliya V Cherednichenko1, Alexandra S Troyan1

  • 1State Institution "Zaporizhzhia Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education Ministry of Health of Ukraine", Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|May 20, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in mild neurocognitive disorders (MNCD) due to Alzheimer's disease (MNCD-AD) and subcortical vascular causes (ScVMNCD). Anxiety and irritability characterize MNCD-AD, while depression is prevalent in ScVMNCD.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Mild neurocognitive disorders (MNCD) share criteria with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and are linked to neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS).
  • Previous research on NPS prevalence focused on MCI subtypes, leaving etiological MNCD types unexamined.
  • This study investigates NPS prevalence in MNCD due to Alzheimer's disease (MNCD-AD) and subcortical vascular causes (ScVMNCD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate NPS prevalence in MNCD-AD and ScVMNCD patients.
  • To determine if NPS can expand the phenotypic understanding of these MNCD subtypes.
  • To explore the clinical differentiation potential of NPS between MNCD-AD and ScVMNCD.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 70 MNCD-AD patients, 70 ScVMNCD patients, and 55 cognitively normal elderly persons (CNEP) was analyzed.
  • Diagnoses followed DSM-5 criteria for probable MNCD-AD and probable vascular MNCD with subcortical vascular MCI criteria.
  • NPS prevalence was assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, with statistical analyses including regression and correlation.

Main Results:

  • NPS were highly prevalent in both MNCD groups (97.1% in MNCD-AD, 100% in ScVMNCD) compared to CNEP (69.1%).
  • Anxiety and irritability were most common in MNCD-AD, while depression was most prevalent in ScVMNCD.
  • Significant correlations were found between NPS and specific cognitive deficits (amnestic syndrome in MNCD-AD, executive dysfunction in ScVMNCD).

Conclusions:

  • NPS are a hallmark of MNCD-AD and ScVMNCD.
  • Distinct NPS profiles (anxiety/irritability in MNCD-AD, depression in ScVMNCD) may define these conditions.
  • The amnestic-anxious-irritable and dysexecutive-depressive syndromes offer potential for clinical differentiation.
Keywords:
anxietydepressionirritabilitymild neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer’s diseaseneuropsychiatric symptomssubcortical vascular mild neurocognitive disorder

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