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Related Concept Videos

Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

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An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
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Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

3.2K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

7.5K
A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Filling-Enforced Magnetic Dirac Semimetals in Two Dimensions.

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We discovered a new 2D Dirac semimetal phase protected by crystal and antiferromagnetic symmetries. This phase hosts a robust, isolated Dirac point, offering new pathways for quantum phase transitions.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Dirac semimetals are typically protected by time-reversal symmetry, but their Dirac points are often unstable.
  • Existing materials often lack robust Dirac points against symmetry breaking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a new class of 2D Dirac semimetals protected by crystal and antiferromagnetic symmetries.
  • Investigate the properties and stability of Dirac points in this novel magnetic phase.
  • Explore potential applications in engineering quantum phase transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical framework based on crystal symmetries and antiferromagnetic time-reversal symmetry.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations.
  • Analysis of phase boundaries and quantum critical points.

Main Results:

  • Identified a new 2D Dirac semimetal phase stabilized by symmorphic crystal symmetries and a special antiferromagnetic time-reversal symmetry.
  • Demonstrated the existence of a single, isolated Dirac point at the Fermi level, robust against time-reversal symmetry breaking.
  • Confirmed the presence of these 2D magnetic Dirac points in FeSe monolayers via DFT calculations.

Conclusions:

  • This magnetic Dirac phase represents a new quantum critical point.
  • The discovered Dirac points are at the boundary of Chern insulating, antiferromagnetic topological crystalline insulating, and trivial insulating phases.
  • FeSe monolayers serve as a promising platform for realizing and engineering quantum phase transitions.