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Related Concept Videos

Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications01:28

Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications

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Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
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Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

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Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...
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Hypertension V: Nursing Management01:23

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The nursing management of hypertension involves accurately assessing symptoms, making a comprehensive nursing diagnosis, collaborating with patients to set goals, and implementing targeted interventions to mitigate the condition's impact and improve patient well-being.Comprehensive AssessmentThe initial step in nursing care for hypertension involves a thorough patient assessment. It includes evaluating symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, blurred vision, and previous hypertension episodes.
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Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
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Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
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Hypertension update, JNC8 and beyond.

Tara Shrout1, David W Rudy2, Michael T Piascik3

  • 1The University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Class of 2018, NIH TL1 Training Program 2016-2017, USA.

Current Opinion in Pharmacology
|May 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This review compares hypertension guidelines from JNC 7 and JNC 8, highlighting controversial aspects of JNC 8. It explores suboptimal blood pressure control and potential solutions for better hypertension management.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Guidelines
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Effective treatment of hypertension reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  • Clinical guidelines, such as JNC reports, guide hypertension management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the Joint National Committee (JNC) 7 and JNC 8 hypertension guidelines.
  • To critically evaluate the controversial aspects of the JNC 8 guidelines from a therapeutic standpoint.
  • To discuss recent evidence impacting JNC 8 recommendations and explore reasons for suboptimal blood pressure control.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of JNC 7 and JNC 8 guidelines.
  • Review of current scientific literature and evidence impacting hypertension management.
  • Exploration of therapeutic strategies and potential solutions for improving blood pressure control.

Main Results:

  • JNC 8 introduced modifications to JNC 7 regarding treatment thresholds, goals, and medication choices.
  • JNC 8 has generated significant controversy and debate within the medical community.
  • Blood pressure control rates remain suboptimal despite available guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of guideline differences and controversies is crucial for optimal hypertension care.
  • Addressing suboptimal blood pressure control requires exploring novel strategies like pharmacogenomics, risk stratification, lifestyle interventions, and integrative care.
  • Future research should focus on refining guidelines and implementing effective strategies to improve patient outcomes in hypertension management.