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High-efficiency broadband second harmonic generation in single hexagonal GaAs nanowire.

Jing Wang1, Ying Yu2, Yu-Ming Wei1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.

Scientific Reports
|May 21, 2017
PubMed
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Researchers demonstrated a hexagonal gallium arsenide (GaAs) nanowire as a highly efficient, broad-bandwidth frequency converter. This nanoscale nonlinear optical device operates from 730 nm to 1960 nm, outperforming bulk GaAs and enabling new applications.

Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a key nonlinear optical process.
  • Gallium arsenide (GaAs) nanowires offer unique optical properties for nanophotonic applications.
  • Efficient and broadband frequency conversion is crucial for optical technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate SHG in a single hexagonal GaAs nanowire.
  • To demonstrate a novel frequency converter based on GaAs nanowires.
  • To evaluate the performance of the nanowire converter in terms of bandwidth and efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of a single hexagonal GaAs nanowire.
  • Excitation of the nanowire using a femtosecond laser.

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  • Measurement of the generated second harmonic light over a broad spectral range.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a frequency converter with a wide operating range (730 nm to 1960 nm).
    • Achieved high conversion efficiency of approximately 10-5 W-1, ~103 times higher than bulk GaAs.
    • Confirmed the converter's consistent high performance over the demonstrated bandwidth.

    Conclusions:

    • The hexagonal GaAs nanowire serves as an excellent nanoscale nonlinear optical frequency converter.
    • The demonstrated device offers a significant improvement in both bandwidth and efficiency compared to existing technologies.
    • This technology holds potential for applications in imaging, bio-sensing, and on-chip all-optical signal processing.