Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 2, 2026
07:43
Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
20.0K
Lymphocytic Hypophysitis Mimicking Pituitary Macroadenoma.
Tarun Kumar Ralot1, Jitesh Aggarwal2, Raghavendra Haniadka2
1Assistant Proferssors of Neurology.
Summary
Lymphocytic hypophysitis, an autoimmune pituitary disorder, can present unusually with hemichorea. Surgical removal of the pituitary mass led to symptom improvement but required hormone replacement therapy.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Immunology
Background:
- Lymphocytic hypophysitis is a rare autoimmune inflammatory condition affecting the pituitary gland and stalk.
- Typical symptoms include hypopituitarism, diabetes insipidus, headaches, and visual disturbances.
Observation:
- A case of lymphocytic hypophysitis presented with hemichorea, an atypical neurological manifestation.
- Neuroimaging revealed a sellar mass consistent with the condition.
Findings:
- Histopathological examination confirmed lymphocytic hypophysitis.
- Surgical excision of the mass resulted in symptom resolution but induced panhypopituitarism.
Implications:
- This case highlights the diverse clinical presentations of lymphocytic hypophysitis.
- Effective management involves surgical intervention and subsequent pituitary hormone replacement therapy.
Related Concept Videos
01:17The Pituitary Gland
11.5K
The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
11.5K
01:27Hormones of the Pituitary Gland
11.0K
The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
The most abundantly secreted hormone from the anterior lobe is the growth hormone, which controls overall growth by...
11.0K
01:37Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
68.6K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
68.6K
01:27Major Hormones and Their Functions
2.2K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
2.2K
01:27Adrenal Gland Disorders
3.6K
Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
3.6K