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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Production of Nurr-1 Specific Polyclonal Antibodies Free of Cross-reactivity Against Its Close Homologs, Nor1 and Nur77
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An Embryonic Stem Cell-Specific NuRD Complex Functions through Interaction with WDR5.

Ly-Sha Ee1, Kurtis N McCannell1, Yang Tang2

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.

Stem Cell Reports
|May 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex

Keywords:
Mbd3NuRDWdr5chromatindifferentiation

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Area of Science:

  • Chromatin biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular mechanisms of gene regulation

Background:

  • The Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex is a key transcriptional co-repressor.
  • MBD3, a subunit of NuRD, is crucial for embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and NuRD complex assembly.
  • Mouse cells express three MBD3 isoforms: MBD3A, MBD3B, and MBD3C.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific functions and interactions of the MBD3C isoform within the NuRD complex.
  • To elucidate the role of the unique N-terminal region of MBD3C in its interactions and function.
  • To understand the contribution of MBD3C to ESC pluripotency and gene expression regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Isoform-specific interaction studies using MBD3C and WDR5.
  • Domain analysis of WDR5 to identify interaction sites.
  • Generation and analysis of Mbd3c knockout ESCs.
  • Gene expression profiling in Mbd3c knockout ESCs.

Main Results:

  • The MBD3C isoform possesses a unique N-terminal region enabling specific interaction with WDR5.
  • The histone H3 binding pocket of WDR5 is essential for MBD3C interaction.
  • Mbd3c knockout ESCs maintain normal differentiation, indicating functional redundancy.
  • The unique MBD3C N-terminus is required for redundancy with MBD3A and MBD3B in gene expression regulation.

Conclusions:

  • A unique NuRD complex variant involving MBD3C specifically functions in ESCs.
  • MBD3C interacts with WDR5 via its unique N-terminal region.
  • MBD3C, along with MBD3A and MBD3B, plays a redundant role in ESC gene expression, with MBD3C's N-terminus being critical for this redundancy.