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Thermogenetic neurostimulation with single-cell resolution.

Yulia G Ermakova1,2, Aleksandr A Lanin3,4,5,6, Ilya V Fedotov3,5,6,7

  • 1Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia.

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|May 23, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers activated neurons using infrared laser light and snake TRPA1 channels. This novel thermogenetics approach offers precise control over neuronal activation with high resolution, overcoming limitations of previous methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Thermogenetics utilizes thermosensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) channels for neuronal activation.
  • Current limitations include a restricted selection of TRP channels and poor spatial-temporal resolution.
  • Existing methods often rely on ambient temperature changes or chemical agonists, which can be imprecise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate rapid, robust, and reproducible neuronal activation using snake TRPA1 channels and infrared (IR) laser radiation.
  • To develop a high-resolution thermometry system for precise temperature control during neuronal stimulation.
  • To provide a comprehensive framework for IR-light-based thermogenetic manipulation of individual neurons.

Main Methods:

  • Heterologous expression of snake TRPA1 channels in non-neuronal cells, mouse neurons, and zebrafish neurons.
  • Utilizing a fiber-optic probe with an integrated nitrogen-vacancy (NV) diamond quantum sensor for single-cell thermometry.
  • Employing IR laser radiation for targeted and mild heating of cells expressing TRPA1 channels.
  • Characterizing neuronal responses via Ca2+ imaging and electrophysiology.

Main Results:

  • Successful activation of snake TRPA1 channels in various cell types and in vivo using IR laser radiation.
  • Achieved single-cell resolution thermometry enabling precise control over neuronal activation.
  • Demonstrated rapid, robust, and reproducible neuronal responses to IR laser stimulation.
  • Established a complete framework for thermogenetic manipulation using IR light.

Conclusions:

  • Infrared laser radiation provides a powerful tool for precise thermogenetic manipulation of neurons expressing snake TRPA1 channels.
  • The developed NV-diamond-based thermometry system allows for highly resolved and controlled neuronal activation.
  • This approach overcomes previous limitations, offering enhanced spatial and temporal resolution for neuroscience research.