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Rapid Bacterial Detection during Endodontic Treatment.

D B Herzog1, N A Hosny1, S A Niazi2

  • 11 Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK.

Journal of Dental Research
|May 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Detecting residual bacteria in root canals after treatment is crucial. Calcein AM fluorescence staining offers a sensitive, rapid method to identify vital bacteria, improving outcomes in endodontic therapy.

Keywords:
bacteriabiofilmsdiagnostic systemsendodonticsfluorescencemicroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Endodontics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Persistent bacterial infections in root canals after root canal treatment (RCT) lead to treatment failure.
  • Current methods for detecting bacteria in root canals lack standardization and sensitivity.
  • Residual bacteria necessitate reintervention or extraction, impacting patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate Calcein acetoxymethyl (AM) as a sensitive dye for detecting vital bacteria in endodontic biofilms.
  • To assess the clinical applicability of fluorescence staining for identifying residual bacteria in root canals post-RCT.
  • To explore the potential of combining fluorescence staining with microspectroscopy for rapid bacterial detection.

Main Methods:

  • Paper point sampling combined with Calcein AM fluorescence staining.
  • Comparison of Calcein AM sensitivity with colony-forming unit (CFU) counting in stressed biofilm models.
  • In vivo clinical trial involving 53 primary root canal treatments.
  • Integration of fluorescent staining, microspectroscopy, and spectral analysis for detection.

Main Results:

  • Calcein AM demonstrated improved sensitivity over CFU counting for detecting vital bacteria in stressed biofilms.
  • The technique successfully detected increased vital cells in clinical samples compared to CFU counting.
  • Rapid detection (5 min incubation) of vital cells from root canals was achieved using combined fluorescence staining and spectral analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Calcein AM is a suitable dye for detecting vital bacteria in endodontic biofilms and root canals.
  • This fluorescence-based technique offers a sensitive and rapid method for identifying residual bacteria post-RCT.
  • The technology holds potential for reducing persistent infections, guiding antimicrobial research, and improving disinfection control in clinical settings.