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Development of an IFN-γ ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
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Preventing herpes zoster through vaccination: New developments.

Phuc Le1,2, Camille Sabella3,4, Michael B Rothberg5,6

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This summary is machine-generated.

Herpes zoster (HZ) affects many Americans annually, with higher risks for immunocompromised individuals. Research is ongoing for effective HZ vaccines, especially for those with weakened immune systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Herpes zoster (HZ) impacts 1 million Americans yearly, posing a greater threat to immunocompromised populations.
  • Current live-attenuated HZ vaccines are recommended for immunocompetent adults aged 60+, but protection diminishes over time, necessitating booster research.
  • An adjuvanted subunit HZ vaccine demonstrated 97% efficacy in 2015, yet long-term protection data are still pending.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of Herpes zoster (HZ) prevention strategies.
  • To highlight the need for sustained vaccine efficacy and new options for immunocompromised individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing Herpes zoster (HZ) vaccines and their efficacy.
  • Analysis of vaccine effectiveness data, including waning immunity and subgroup performance.
  • Examination of ongoing clinical trials for novel HZ vaccine candidates.

Main Results:

  • Live-attenuated HZ vaccine shows efficacy but requires boosters due to waning immunity.
  • Adjuvanted subunit HZ vaccine demonstrated high initial efficacy, but long-term data are unavailable.
  • Clinical trials are actively investigating new vaccines, particularly for immunocompromised patients.

Conclusions:

  • There is a continuing need for effective and long-lasting Herpes zoster (HZ) vaccines.
  • Further research and development are crucial to address vaccine efficacy gaps, especially in immunocompromised populations.
  • Ongoing trials aim to provide safe and effective vaccination options for all at-risk individuals.