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Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

33.5K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Depression01:03

Long-term Depression

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Depression: Overview01:18

Depression: Overview

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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
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Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants

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Peripartum depression: Early recognition improves outcomes.

Margaret M Howard1,2, Niharika D Mehta3,4, Raymond Powrie5,6

  • 1Departments of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine
|May 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal depression is common in women of childbearing age, particularly after childbirth. Treating depression during pregnancy and breastfeeding is often safer than leaving it untreated, benefiting mother and baby.

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Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive psychiatry
  • Perinatal mental health

Background:

  • Postpartum depression affects many women of childbearing age.
  • Untreated maternal depression poses risks to mother, fetus, and infant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evidence on treating depression in pregnant and breastfeeding women.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding antidepressant use in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on maternal depression and antidepressant treatment.
  • Analysis of risks versus benefits of pharmacologic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests risks of untreated depression may exceed those of antidepressant treatment.
  • Caution is advised, but treatment is often warranted.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and treatment of maternal depression are crucial.
  • Pharmacologic treatment can be beneficial when risks are carefully considered.