Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis menigoencephalitis in a cat

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Neurology
• Infectious Diseases
• Microbiology

Background:

• Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) is an opportunistic pathogen.
• Disseminated infections are typically seen in immunocompromised individuals.
• Neurological involvement in MAH infections is uncommon.

Observation:

• A young Abyssinian cat presented with acute, severe neurological deficits.
• Post-mortem examination revealed pyogranulomatous meningoencephalitis.
• MAH was isolated from the brain tissue, confirming CNS infection.

Findings:

• This case represents the first documented instance of MAH infection within the central nervous system (CNS) in any species.
• The infection manifested as widespread neurological signs, indicating significant brain involvement.
• The cat experienced sudden onset of symptoms, suggesting a rapid disease progression.

Implications:

• MAH infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cats exhibiting neurological disorders.
• Awareness of this zoonotic potential is crucial for public health and veterinary professionals.
• Further research is warranted to understand the pathogenesis and transmission of MAH in feline CNS infections.