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Kidney preservation at subzero temperatures using a novel storage solution and insect ice-binding proteins.

H E Tomalty1, E F Hamilton1, A Hamilton2

  • 1Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Cryo Letters
|May 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Subzero kidney preservation using CryoStasis (CrS) solution, with or without insect antifreeze protein (TmAFP), significantly extends safe storage time beyond 24 hours. This innovation could increase organ availability for renal transplants.

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Area of Science:

  • Organ preservation
  • Transplantation biology
  • Cryobiology

Background:

  • Current kidney preservation relies on hypothermia (4°C) for up to 24 hours.
  • Extending safe kidney storage time is crucial for increasing organ availability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a proprietary CryoStasis (CrS) solution for subzero kidney preservation.
  • To assess the impact of adding insect antifreeze protein (TmAFP) to CrS on kidney viability and ischemic damage markers.

Main Methods:

  • Rat kidneys were preserved using University of Wisconsin (UW) solution (4°C, 24h) as a control.
  • Kidneys were stored in CrS (-2°C, 48h) and CrS with TmAFP (-4.4°C, 72h).
  • Viability was assessed via MTT assays and FDA/PI staining; ischemic damage markers (caspase-3, calpain activity) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Kidneys preserved in CrS for 48 hours showed comparable enzymatic activity to 24-hour UW preserved kidneys.
  • Kidneys preserved in CrS with TmAFP for 72 hours also demonstrated similar enzymatic activity levels to controls.
  • Subzero preservation with CrS and TmAFP maintained kidney viability and reduced markers of ischemic damage.

Conclusions:

  • Subzero preservation using CryoStasis solution, particularly with TmAFP, significantly prolongs the safe storage time for kidneys.
  • This advanced preservation method holds promise for increasing the availability of donor organs for renal transplantation.