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Author Spotlight: Understanding Retinal Vessel Resilience and Disease Progression
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Diabetic choroidopathy.

Gerard A Lutty1

  • 1Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Vision Research
|May 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic choroidopathy involves vascular changes like vessel loss and inflammation. Advanced imaging now allows clinical documentation and quantification of these changes, aiding future research.

Keywords:
ChoriocapillarisChoroidopathyDiabetes mellitusOCTPolymorphonuclear neutrophils

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Diabetology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Diabetic choroidopathy (DC) is characterized by histopathological changes including choriocapillaris loss, vascular tortuosity, and neovascularization.
  • Evidence suggests DC is an inflammatory condition, with elevated leukocyte adhesion molecules and neutrophil presence in choroidal vasculature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the histopathological and modern imaging findings in diabetic choroidopathy.
  • To highlight the inflammatory nature and vascular compromise associated with DC.
  • To emphasize the clinical quantifiability of DC and its relevance in future research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of early histopathological studies.
  • Analysis of findings from modern imaging techniques such as angiography, enhanced depth imaging (EDI-SD) OCT, and swept source (SS) OCT.
  • Discussion of risk factors and potential future imaging modalities like OCT angiography.

Main Results:

  • Histopathology reveals choriocapillaris loss, vascular abnormalities, and deposits on Bruch's membrane, predominantly beyond the equator.
  • Modern imaging confirms reduced subfoveal choroidal blood flow, vascular tortuosity, and loss in Sattler's and Haller's layers.
  • Choroidal thinning is observed in DC, except when macular edema is present.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic choroidopathy exhibits significant vascular and inflammatory changes that can now be documented and quantified clinically.
  • DC shares vascular pathologies with diabetic retinopathy (DR), suggesting its importance in future DR clinical trials.
  • Further research and clinical evaluation of DC are warranted, particularly utilizing advanced imaging techniques.