Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

2.1K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
2.1K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

9.0K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.0K
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

4.8K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
4.8K
Autophagy01:27

Autophagy

6.0K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
6.0K
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

10.4K
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
10.4K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

7.7K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
7.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Marek's disease virus infection alters the composition of exosomes in chicken fibroblasts and promotes viral replication.

Veterinary microbiology·2026
Same author

Japanese encephalitis virus hijacks the host purine biosynthetic network to promote viral replication in neurons.

PLoS pathogens·2026
Same author

Shared and context-specific mechanisms of T cell exhaustion in chronic viral infections and cancer: Transcriptional, metabolic, epigenetic, and therapeutic perspectives.

Cytokine & growth factor reviews·2026
Same author

Engineered VP2-NC antigen expressed in an NDV vector elicits enhanced protection against the challenge of the novel variant infectious bursal disease virus.

Poultry science·2026
Same author

Integrated network toxicology and transcriptomics reveal NF-κB signaling as a key mediator of TDCPP-induced inflammatory responses in human microglia.

Environment international·2026
Same author

Mechanistic insights into BDE-153-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through network toxicology, machine learning, and cellular validation.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

10.3K

Targeting Autophagy for Oncolytic Immunotherapy.

Lulu Hu1, Ke Jiang2, Chan Ding3

  • 1Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University Cancer Center, 9Lvshun Road South, Dalian 116044, China. hululucsc@163.com.

Biomedicines
|May 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) fight cancer by triggering immune responses. Understanding how autophagy, a cellular process, interacts with OVs is key to improving cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords:
autophagycancerimmunotherapyoncolytic virus (OV)

More Related Videos

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
09:10

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: October 28, 2019

7.8K
Author Spotlight: A Selective Luciferase-Based Assay for Monitoring ATG4B 27 Activity in Cells
09:51

Author Spotlight: A Selective Luciferase-Based Assay for Monitoring ATG4B 27 Activity in Cells

Published on: June 30, 2023

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 2, 2026

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

10.3K
siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells
09:10

siRNA Electroporation to Modulate Autophagy in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Infected Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

Published on: October 28, 2019

7.8K
Author Spotlight: A Selective Luciferase-Based Assay for Monitoring ATG4B 27 Activity in Cells
09:51

Author Spotlight: A Selective Luciferase-Based Assay for Monitoring ATG4B 27 Activity in Cells

Published on: June 30, 2023

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) show promise in cancer immunotherapy through immune-mediated tumor cell death.
  • Autophagy, a cellular adaptation mechanism, plays a role in the anti-tumor effects of OVs.
  • The interplay between autophagy and OV therapy influences anti-cancer immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex relationship between autophagy, cancer, immunity, and OVs.
  • To summarize recent advancements in how OV-affected autophagy contributes to oncolytic immunity.
  • To discuss challenges and strategies for targeting autophagy to enhance OV immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on oncolytic viruses, autophagy, and cancer immunology.
  • Analysis of the mechanisms by which autophagy influences OV efficacy.
  • Synthesis of current research on modulating autophagy for improved oncolytic immunotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Autophagy significantly impacts OV-mediated anti-tumor immune responses.
  • Targeting autophagy can potentially enhance the therapeutic efficacy of OVs.
  • OV-perturbed autophagy is a critical factor in the success of oncolytic immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Modulating autophagy presents a promising strategy for optimizing oncolytic virus therapy.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in targeting autophagy for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.
  • The intricate relationship between autophagy and OVs offers new avenues for developing effective cancer treatments.