Biomarkers and non-invasive tests for gastrointestinal mucositis
N S S Kuiken1,2, E H H M Rings3,4, N M A Blijlevens5
1Department of Pediatric Oncology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Gastrointestinal mucositis is a complex inflammatory reaction of the mucous membranes, a side effect of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Currently, assessment scales are used to diagnose mucositis. However, a biomarker which would determine whether there is mucositis and thereby establish the severity objectively would be very useful. This will give the opportunity to evaluate studies, to determine risk factors and incidence, and it will make it possible to compare studies. Moreover, this biomarker might improve clinical management for patients. In this paper, we reviewed studies concerning potential biomarkers in blood samples and fecal samples, and potential tests in breath samples and urine samples. We include biomarkers and tests studied in animal models and/or in clinical trials, and discuss the validity, diagnostic accuracy, and applicability.
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