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Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
Published on: December 29, 2015
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[Viral component of the human genome]
V M Blinov1, V V Zverev1, G S Krasnov1,2,3
1Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064 Russia.
Molekuliarnaia Biologiia
|May 25, 2017
Summary
Viruses and humans engage in a dynamic genomic exchange. Horizontal gene transfer from viruses to humans can bolster antiviral defenses by modifying host genomes to counteract viral threats.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Genetics
- Human Biology
Background:
- Traditionally, host-virus interactions focus on host vulnerability to viral infections.
- These relationships are bidirectional, involving genomic modifications in both viruses and hosts.
- Accumulated mutations can confer advantages, such as overcoming host defenses or enhancing antiviral barriers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing data on horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between viral and human genomes.
- To discuss the implications and challenges associated with viral gene integration into host genomes.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on viral-human genomic interactions.
- Analysis of mechanisms and consequences of horizontal gene transfer.
- Examination of gene expression and functional modifications post-transfer.
Main Results:
- Horizontal gene transfer is a significant mechanism for reinforcing antiviral defenses in hosts.
- Integrated viral genes can be modified within the host genome.
- These modified genes can inhibit viral replication or modulate viral functions.
Conclusions:
- Host-virus interactions involve complex genomic co-evolution.
- Horizontal gene transfer represents a key evolutionary strategy for hosts to adapt against viral pathogens.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the scope and impact of viral gene integration in human genomes.
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