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Research about suppression effect and auditory processing in individuals who stutter.

Cláudia Fassin Arcuri1, Ana Maria Schiefer1, Marisa Frasson de Azevedo1

  • 1Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.

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Summary
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Individuals who stutter often have auditory processing disorders and issues with the efferent medial olivocochlear system, impacting their ability to hear clearly, especially in noisy environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Stuttering is a complex speech disorder.
  • Auditory processing and efferent auditory system function are crucial for speech perception.
  • Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs) provide insights into cochlear and efferent system function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate auditory processing abilities in adults who stutter.
  • To examine the occurrence of the OAE suppression effect in individuals who stutter.
  • To determine if auditory processing and OAE suppression can differentiate stutterers from non-stutterers.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 15 adults who stutter (Study Group) and 15 age-, gender-, and education-matched controls (Control Group).
  • Participants underwent comprehensive audiological evaluations, including basic tests and specific auditory processing assessments.
  • Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs) and their suppression effect were measured to assess efferent medial olivocochlear system function.

Main Results:

  • Individuals who stutter exhibited a higher incidence of auditory processing disorders compared to controls.
  • Specific tests like the Nonverbal Dichotic Test and Frequency Pattern Test differentiated the groups.
  • A higher incidence of absent OAE suppression was observed in stutterers, suggesting efferent medial olivocochlear system dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory processing abilities differ between individuals who stutter and non-stutterers.
  • The efferent medial olivocochlear system appears to be impaired in individuals who stutter.
  • These findings suggest potential difficulties in auditory discrimination for stutterers, particularly in noisy conditions.