Pregabalin Effect on Acute and Chronic Pain after Cardiac Surgery

Introduction. Pain after cardiac surgery affects long-term patient wellness. This study investigated the effect of preoperative pregabalin on acute and chronic pain after elective cardiac surgery with median sternotomy. Methods. Prospective double blind study. 93 cardiac surgery patients were randomly assigned into three groups: Group 1 received placebo, Group 2 received oral pregabalin 75 mg, and Group 3 received oral pregabalin 150 mg. Data were collected 8 hours, 24 hours, and 3 months postoperatively. Results. Patients receiving pregabalin required fewer morphine boluses (10 in controls versus 6 in Group 1 versus 4 in Group 2, p = 0.000) and had lower pain scores at 8 hours (4 versus 3 versus 3, p = 0.001) and 3 months (3 versus 2 versus 2, p = 0.000) and lower morphine consumption at 8 hours (14 versus 13 versus 12 mg, p = 0.000) and 24 hours (19.5 versus 16 versus 15 mg, p = 0.000). Percentage of patients with sleep disturbances or requiring analgesics was lower in the pregabalin group and even lower with higher pregabalin dose (16/31 versus 5/31 versus 3/31, p = 0.000, and 26/31 versus 16/31 versus 10/31, p = 0.000, resp.) 3 months after surgery. Conclusion. Preoperative oral pregabalin 75 or 150 mg reduces postoperative morphine requirements and acute and chronic pain after cardiac surgery.