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Unraveling the Unseen Players in the Ocean - A Field Guide to Water Chemistry and Marine Microbiology

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Published on: November 5, 2014

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David A Hutchins¹, Feixue Fu¹

¹Marine and Environmental Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.

Nature Microbiology

|May 26, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Marine microbes face unprecedented environmental changes impacting ocean biogeochemical cycles. Some microbes may benefit, while others decline, altering the ocean

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Area of Science:

Marine microbial ecology
Ocean biogeochemistry
Climate change impacts

Background:

Marine microorganisms drive essential pelagic biogeochemical cycles.
Anthropogenic changes are altering key environmental controls on marine microbial physiology, including pH, pCO2, temperature, redox chemistry, irradiance, and nutrient availability.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the potential responses of marine microorganisms involved in ocean carbon and nitrogen cycles to ongoing anthropogenic environmental changes.
To identify microbial functional groups likely to be impacted differently by these changes.

Main Methods:

Review and synthesis of existing knowledge on marine microbial responses to environmental drivers.
Analysis of potential impacts on key functional groups within the ocean carbon and nitrogen cycles.

Main Results:

Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and denitrifiers may benefit from changing conditions.
Calcifiers and nitrifiers are predicted to be negatively impacted.
Heterotrophic bacteria are expected to show relative resilience.

Conclusions:

Divergent responses of marine microorganisms to multiple interacting environmental variables are anticipated.
Predicting future biogeography, community structure, and adaptive evolution is crucial.
Large-scale alterations to ocean carbon and nutrient cycles are likely outcomes.