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Neuroimaging, cardiovascular physiology, and functional outcomes in infants with congenital heart disease

Nathalie H P Claessens1, Christopher J Kelly2, Serena J Counsell2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|May 26, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) experience brain development issues due to cardiovascular problems. Fetal and neonatal MRI can identify risks and predict neurological outcomes, aiding early intervention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The antenatal and neonatal periods are critical for brain development.
  • The developing brain is vulnerable to hemodynamic disturbances.
  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) impacts brain development and increases injury risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review brain dysmaturation and acquired brain injury in infants with CHD.
  • To explore the role of cardiovascular physiology in brain development differences.
  • To correlate brain abnormalities with neurological impairments.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of fetal and neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data.
  • Analysis of cardiovascular physiology's contribution to brain development.
  • Examination of the relationship between brain abnormalities and neurological outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Altered cerebral perfusion and oxygen delivery affect brain development.
  • Hemodynamic fluctuations postnatally can cause additional brain injury.
  • MRI findings in CHD infants can predict clinical risk factors and functional outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Brain dysmaturation and injury in critical CHD stem from cardiovascular pathology and surgery.
  • MRI aids in evaluating risk factors and predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Understanding injury timing can inform strategies to optimize neurodevelopment in CHD infants.

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