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Iron oxide nanoparticles decrease nuclear fractal dimension of buccal epithelial cells in a time-dependent manner.

D Nikolovski1, S Dugalic2, I Pantic3,4

  • 1Institute of Public Health Pancevo, Pancevo, Serbia.

Journal of Microscopy
|May 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) alter cell nuclei structure over time. This study shows IONPs reduce nuclear fractal dimension and increase lacunarity in buccal cells, indicating significant nuclear changes.

Keywords:
Fractallacunaritymagnetitenanomaterialnucleus

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are increasingly used in biomedical applications.
  • Understanding nanoparticle-cell interactions is crucial for safety and efficacy.
  • Nuclear structure changes can indicate cellular stress or toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the time-dependent effects of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on the fractal complexity of buccal epithelial cell nuclei.
  • To evaluate the interaction between IONPs and the cell nucleus using fractal analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Buccal epithelial cells were treated with spherical magnetite IONPs (80-100 nm diameter).
  • Digital micrographs of cell nuclei were captured at 15, 30, and 60 minutes post-treatment.
  • Fractal analysis, calculating fractal dimension and lacunarity, was performed using ImageJ software.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant, time-dependent reduction in nuclear fractal dimension was observed after IONP exposure (p < 0.01).
  • Nuclear lacunarity, a measure of texture complexity, increased over time following IONP treatment.
  • These findings demonstrate a clear, time-dependent alteration in nuclear structural complexity.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to examine the impact of magnetite nanomaterials on nuclear fractal complexity.
  • Fractal analysis provides a novel method for assessing nanoparticle-cell nucleus interactions.
  • IONPs induce measurable, time-dependent structural changes within the cell nucleus.