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Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Polyfunctionality and Heterogeneity in Immune Responses
Published on: March 8, 2024
Severe cytokine release syndrome in a patient receiving PD-1-directed therapy
Seth J Rotz1, Daniel Leino2, Sara Szabo2
1Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Abstract:
Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a phenomenon of immune hyperactivation described in the setting of cellular and bispecific T-cell engaging immunotherapy. Checkpoint blockade using anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) inhibitors is an approach to antitumor immune system stimulation. A 29-year-old female with alveolar soft part sarcoma developed severe CRS after treatment with anti-PD-1 therapy. CRS was characterized by high fevers, encephalopathy, hypotension, hypoxia, hepatic dysfunction, and evidence of coagulopathy, and resolved after infusion of the interleukin-6 inhibitor tocilizumab and corticosteroids.
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