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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Corrigendum to "Jang YJ, et al. Characterizing the relationship between personality dimensions and psychosis-specific clinical characteristics" [Schizophr Res. 276 (2025) 88-96 10.1016/j.schres.2025.01.002 (Epub ahead of print, PMID: 39864301, Jan 25)].

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Deviation from expected cognitive ability across psychotic disorders.

W C Hochberger1, T Combs1, J L Reilly2

  • 1Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Department of Psychology, United States.

Schizophrenia Research
|May 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Psychotic disorders like schizophrenia are linked to significant cognitive decline compared to expected abilities. This cognitive deficit is primarily illness-related, not a strong familial trait in unaffected relatives.

Keywords:
Brief assessment of cognition in schizophreniaCognitive declineFirst-degree relativesPremorbid cognitionPsychotic disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia patients exhibit cognitive deficits relative to premorbid and familial intellectual abilities.
  • The extent to which this cognitive pattern applies to other psychotic disorders and its familial nature requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive function deviation from expected levels in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic bipolar disorder.
  • To compare cognitive decline in affected individuals (probands) versus their first-degree relatives.
  • To explore the familiality of cognitive decline in psychotic disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a norm-based regression approach to predict cognitive level.
  • Employed parental education and WRAT-IV Reading scores as predictors.
  • Assessed global neuropsychological function using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) composite score in probands and relatives.

Main Results:

  • Psychotic probands demonstrated a significant gap between observed and predicted BACS scores, indicating cognitive decline compared to healthy controls.
  • This cognitive decline was not observed in unaffected relatives.
  • While BACS and WRAT-IV Reading scores showed high familiality, the illness-related cognitive decline had lower familiality estimates.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive impairment in psychotic disorders appears significantly influenced by illness-related factors (e.g., epigenetic, treatment, pathophysiological).
  • The observed cognitive deficits in affected individuals are substantially greater than in their unaffected family members.
  • Findings suggest that factors beyond genetics contribute significantly to cognitive decline in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic bipolar disorder.