Noninvasive Respiratory Support in Infants and Children

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 1, 2026

Laryngeal Mask Airway LMA Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway SGA
04:56

Laryngeal Mask Airway LMA Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway SGA

Published on: July 14, 2023

5.5K

Katherine L Fedor1

  • 1Pediatric Respiratory Therapy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. fedork@ccf.org.

Respiratory Care
|May 27, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) provide alternatives to intubation for pediatric respiratory disorders. This review covers their indications, management, safety, and the emerging role of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Respiratory therapy

Background:

  • Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) are vital for managing pediatric respiratory issues.
  • Challenges exist in applying, managing, and ensuring the safety of CPAP and NIV in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review indications, contraindications, management strategies, and safety measures for CPAP and NIV in pediatric patients.
  • To incorporate evidence on high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) as a newer alternative.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of evidence on CPAP, NIV, and HFNC in pediatric respiratory care.
  • Synthesis of information regarding clinical application and safety protocols.

Main Results:

  • CPAP and NIV offer alternatives to mechanical ventilation for acute and chronic pediatric respiratory conditions.
  • High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an emerging alternative to CPAP and NIV.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the specific challenges and safety measures for CPAP and NIV in pediatrics is crucial.
  • HFNC presents a promising alternative, expanding therapeutic options for pediatric respiratory support.

Keywords:
continuous positive airway pressurehigh-flow nasal cannulanoninvasive ventilationpediatricsrespiratory distress syndrome

More Related Videos

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children07:27

How to Administer Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Critically ill Neonates, Infants, and Children

Published on: August 19, 2020

12.7K
A Minimally Invasive Method for Intratracheal Instillation of Drugs in Neonatal Rodents to Treat Lung Disease04:21

A Minimally Invasive Method for Intratracheal Instillation of Drugs in Neonatal Rodents to Treat Lung Disease

Published on: August 4, 2021

7.2K

Related Concept Videos

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation III: Noninvasive Ventilation

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), and bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) are essential methods in respiratory care. These ventilation techniques offer unique benefits for patients with various respiratory conditions, providing adequate support without requiring intubation. Let's explore how each method is crucial in improving patient outcomes and enhancing respiratory therapy.
Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation...
667
Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation01:23

Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation

Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...
854
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
824
Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
Full support modes include controlled mechanical ventilation, continuous mandatory...
1.8K
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
554
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
1.9K