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Related Concept Videos

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division

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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
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Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content02:33

Distribution of Cytoplasmic Content

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Cytokinesis segregates a cell’s chromosomes and organelles into its daughter cells. Organelles divide and grow prior to cell division but cannot be synthesized de novo; therefore, cells must receive at least one copy of each organelle to survive. Currently, many of the details of how the organelles are distributed are not yet fully elucidated.
Distribution of cytoplasmic determinants
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Mitosis and Cytokinesis01:35

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

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In eukaryotes, the cell division cycle is divided into distinct, coordinated cellular processes that include cell growth, DNA replication/chromosome duplication, chromosome distribution to daughter cells, and finally, cell division. The cell cycle is tightly regulated by its regulatory systems as well as extracellular signals that affect cell proliferation.
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Mitosis and Cytokinesis02:03

Mitosis and Cytokinesis

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In eukaryotes, the cell division cycle is divided into distinct, coordinated cellular processes that include cell growth, DNA replication/chromosome duplication, chromosome distribution to daughter cells, and finally, cell division. The cell cycle is tightly regulated by its regulatory systems as well as extracellular signals that affect cell proliferation.
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Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

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Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
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The Cell Cycle Control System01:28

The Cell Cycle Control System

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The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
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Studying Proteolysis of Cyclin B at the Single Cell Level in Whole Cell Populations
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Proteomics in Cell Division.

Zeynep Cansu Üretmen Kagıalı1, Aydanur Şentürk1, Nazlı Ezgi Özkan Küçük1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Proteomics
|May 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics reveals key protein complexes and modifications crucial for cell division. Integrating these proteomic insights with functional genomics advances systems-level understanding of cell cycle progression.

Keywords:
Cell divisionCytokinesisMass spectrometryPhosphorylationProteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Cell division is a complex process requiring precise coordination of various cellular components.
  • Proteomic approaches, particularly mass spectrometry (MS), have become invaluable for studying dynamic cellular processes like cell division.
  • Understanding the molecular players and their interactions is essential for deciphering cell cycle regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize recent MS-based proteomic studies on cell division machinery.
  • To highlight understudied areas in cell division research, including cell surface and lipid components.
  • To discuss the role of post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, in cell division.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of MS-based proteomic studies in cell division.
  • Analysis of proteomic data identifying key protein complexes (kinetochores, mitotic spindle, etc.).
  • Focus on post-translational modification analysis, including phosphorylation and crosstalk.

Main Results:

  • Identification of numerous protein complexes involved in cell division machinery.
  • MS-based analyses have expanded to include cell surface and lipid components.
  • Detailed insights into phosphorylation patterns and their interplay with other modifications during cell division.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomic strategies are powerful tools for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of cell division.
  • Further integration of proteomic data with functional genomics is crucial for a systems-level understanding.
  • This review consolidates current knowledge and points towards future research directions in cell division biology.